In-vivo and in-silico immunomodulator activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. wood ethanol extract in Rattus norvegicus infected by E. coli

Rohmah, Martina Kurnia and Anwari, Farida and Nurdianto, Arif Rahman and Rahayu, Dwi Anggorowati and Taniasari, Nungky and Susanti, Elda (2024) In-vivo and in-silico immunomodulator activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. wood ethanol extract in Rattus norvegicus infected by E. coli. Bali Medical Journal (Bali MedJ) 2024, 13 (3). pp. 1104-1110. ISSN 2089-1180

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Abstract

Introduction: Immunomodulators from natural compounds have a good potential in curing infectious diseases including Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection in the gastrointestinal and urinary tract. In Indonesia, Sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) is known as a traditional herbal drink that can be used to increase immunity. Caesalpinia sappan L. has a specific red natural pigment called brazilin. This study aimed to determine the immunomodulatory activity of Caesalpinia sappan L. in Rattus norvegicus infected with E. coli. Method: This study was a true experimental with a post-test-only control design (in vivo) that used Rattus norvegicus infected by E. coli (10-9-CFU/ ml). This study consisted of normal control (non-infected group), negative control (placebo), positive control (immune booster), and 96% Ethanol Extract of Sappan Wood (SWEE) 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW. The treatment was given for 7 days after E. coli infection. In silico study, we used brazilin as a ligand and pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNFα and IL-1β) as the target. It was conducted using a molecular docking web server (Docking Server). Results: In vivo study showed that Caesalpinia sappan L. decreased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and increased phagocytic index. SWEE 100 and 200 mg/kg BW was significantly different from the negative control (p<0.05) but not the positive control (p>0.05). SWEE 100 and 200 mg/kg BW increased phagocytic index by 2.82 and 4.62 folds. The molecular docking showed that brazilin binds to TNF-α, and IL-1β with total energy binding respectively -5.05 and -3.14 kcal/mol. The estimation inhibition constant (Ki) of brazilin into TNF-α and IL-1β respectively 199.52 and 4.99 µM. Conclusion: Caesalpinia sappan L. has immunomodulatory activity through CRP level suppression and phagocytosis induction, especially at 100 and 200 mg/kg BW. Brazilin as a specific pigment of Caesalpinia sappan L also has been proven to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and IL-1β

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences > School of Medicine
Depositing User:	Triani Febriana Triani
Date Deposited:	30 Apr 2024 08:26
Last Modified:	30 Apr 2024 08:26
URI:	http://repository.uam.ac.id/id/eprint/1075

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